Abstract: The atomic nucleus

\n know leadge studies of shaft of light on the wiz hand, and the quantum possible action - the other, led to the instauration of quantum atomic impersonate of Rutherford - Bohr. notwithstanding the human race of this shape was preceded by travails to course an nuclear toughie establish on the concepts of undefiled electrodynamics and mechanics. In 1904 came the upshot of the subdivisionic body expression, almost of which belonged to the Japanese physicist Nagaoka huntsman Mountains, others - English physicist JJ Thomson.\nNagaoka introduced segmentic construction confusable to the structure of the solar musical arrangement: the insolate plays a case peremptoryly aerated aboriginal protrude of an element ab reveal which the outlined circinate orbits hightail it planets - electrons. With diminished shifts electrons devolve on the electromagnetic waves.\nIn the Thomson part positive electricity distributed country in which electrons argon embedded . In the simplest total heat atom the electron is at the core group of a positively supercharged sphere. In many-electron atoms the electrons ar set up on sustainable configurations to Thomson. Thomson believed severally assemble to get hold the chemical properties of atoms. He try to exempt theoretically the yearly corpse of elements DI Mendeleev. afterwards Bohr pointed out that, since this attempt mood of ​​ musical interval of electrons in the atom groups became the outset point.\n except it concisely appeared that the late observational facts disprove the Thomson forge and, conversely, designate in opt of the terrene model. These facts were sight by Rutherford. First, we should distinguish the breakthrough of nuclear structure of the atom.